ABSTRACT
Stomach volvulus is a medical entity which has different implications in terms of clinical presentation, diagnosis, imaging support, and pathological behavior and evaluation. Analysis of features of these implications is essential when deciding a course of action, which can vary from simple observation to aggressive and urgent resolutions in order to save the patients life. Gastric volvulus represents an unusual rotation of the organ on its own axis, thus entailing risk of ischemia and necrosis. There are two major types of gastric volvulus, i.e., organoaxial and mesenteroaxial. It can occur in any stage of life, preferably in adulthood, with clinical signs of acute abdomen in most of the cases. Due to the risk of ischemia, necrosis, and vital compromise, an urgent response involves surgical resolution which can lead to the removal of the organ, with a high risk of mortality in the intra- and post-operative periods. We report the case of a patient presenting with the aforementioned clinical processes.
El vólvulo gástrico es una entidad médica de diversas implicancias en cuanto a la presentación clínica, diagnóstico, apoyo imaginológico, conducta y evaluación patológica. Por tanto, es fundamental la revisión de las características de cada una de ellas, con el objeto de orientar una conducta que posee caracteres tan amplios como lo es la simple observación hasta una conducta agresiva y urgente que implique salvar la vida del paciente. El vólvulo gástrico consiste en una rotación del órgano sobre su propio eje, de baja ocurrencia, presentándose dos tipos: organoaxial y mesenteroaxial, en los cuales existe riesgo de isquemia y necrosis. Se manifiesta en cualquier etapa de la vida, de preferencia en etapa adulta y con clínica de abdomen agudo en gran parte de los casos. Debido al riesgo de isquemia, necrosis y compromiso vital, la conducta urgente implica resolución quirúrgica, que puede concluir en extirpación del órgano, con un alto riego de mortalidad en el intra y postoperatorio. Presentamos el caso de una paciente característica en cuanto a la presentación de los procesos clínicos antes mencionados.
Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Stomach Volvulus/surgery , Stomach Volvulus , Gastrectomy , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Colon, Sigmoid/abnormalities , Colon, Sigmoid , Radiography, AbdominalABSTRACT
En este artículo, basado en el análisis retrospectivo de 67 tomografías computadas de abdomen-pelvis de los últimos tres años, presentaremos las características de la pared intestinal, en particular su coeficiente de atenuación, como metodología para orientar el diagnóstico diferencial de engrasamientos de la pared intestinal.
Background: CAT scan is used for the diagnosis of abdominal pain and bowel lesions. Bowel wall thickening is an unspecific finding, but the analysis of the radiological attenuation of the wall and its morphology can be helpful diagnostic hints. Aim: To analyze the diagnostic value of radiological attenuation of bowel wall thickenings. Material and methods: Retrospective review of 67 CAT scans (performed in 44 women and 23 males, aged 12 to 89 years), where a bowel wall thickening was observed. The intensity of radiological attenuation of thickening was grouped in five categories, from white to black and denominated as white, grey, water hale, fat hale and black patterns. Results: The most common patterns observed were grey and water hale in 42 and 43 percent of cases, respectively. These patterns corresponded mostly to inflammatory, infectious, vascular and tumor lesions. Ischemic intestinal lesions had a white pattern. Conclusions: The radiological attenuation pattern of bowel wall thickenings can be helpful for etiological diagnosis.